of Commas says, Use commas to set off expressions that interrupt the sentence flow (nevertheless, after all, by the way, on the other hand, however, etc.). Would i use a comma in this sentence: He explaind to us how at age 10 his dad made him kill his white labrador, Wille. (Basically Dog-people), How is Fuel needed to be consumed calculated when MTOM and Actual Mass is known. Im pretty certain #1 and #3 are correct, but #2 gives me pause. They want to know what you're all about and what you need. Unconsciously we take everything personally - that is, we seek to make sense of the world by working out how information affects us. We have made small revisions to our previous explanations to help you distinguish between someone who is sufficiently identified and a dependent phrase that begins a sentence. The comma used before the conjunction in a list of three or more items is called a serial comma. For example: Jackie, are you leaving so soon? The entire phrase following Jack is an appositive. the performance artists debut show, Say No More. If the show (first or otherwise) has already been referred to, a comma is necessary. John is calling you or John's calling you. To me, the quotation marks are part of the appositive and the commas should fully enclose the appositive. English Only my friend John Joseph A Dec 5, 2022 J Joseph A Senior Member Kurdish Dec 5, 2022 #1 Hello everyone, Is it okay to write a name after thd word "friend" without a comma as follows? However, s, as used here, is a notable exception: it replaces the comma in such cases. As you note, it makes it confusing: the sentence is more clear without them. How to automatically classify a sentence or text based on its context? He paused, and in the stillness of the moment, his countenance glowed brightly. 1 That house in fact belongs to my grandfather. See our post Capitalization of Job Titles for more information. But in first case we can have several above average students in class and couple talented musicians. In the second sentence, the phrase given to Shadam by her father is essential to the word scarf since it identifies that particular scarf. @thumbtackthief why is it wrong? Have you read Madol Duwa, the famous childrens book? The possessive appositive, Sharons, is set off by commas. He names the toy astronaut, John, and from that moment on, the two become best friends. Also, subsequent doesnt appear to make sense here. My brother John was the mayor of the city. I need my sunglasses, and my brother needs his beach ball. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Defining relative clauses give us essential information - information that tells us who or what we are talking about. Thank you (and apologies for dull sentence). The scarf, given to Shadam by her father, Richard, will also be used. Both of those look wrong to me. The comma after the word and is unnecessary. Was that part of the advice intended to apply to the earlier notation that the phrase without commas is correct when there are multiple sisters? The ambiguity arises from the conflicting grammar of lists vs. appositive phrases that end up giving the same result. I had two siblings: Jim and Mary. Your sentence begins with the dependent phrase An above-average student and talented musician. When are appositives separated by commas? Explanation: Julie Minsky is necessary to help identify CEO, so no commas are used. We can either elect my running mate, a bold truth-teller, or the most dishonest candidate in history.. If necessary, use the "Search" box on the right side of the page to find a post closely related to your question or comment.Your email address will not be published. The sentence contains two subjects, Hato Island and residents. Instead of parenthetical commas, we now interpret the commas as separating items on a list. Finally she did, and my friend, John, and I went shopping. Example: Our pediatrician, Andr Wilson, was born in California. Kindly look at this example. In the short story, The Tell-Tale Heart, Poe explores the physical manifestation of guilt. Nor would you likely write Martin the captain wore his dress uniform, but Lewis the captain was attired in his combat fatigues. Captain Martin wore . Or does the name not get completely separated? An appositive is a word or phrase that refers to the same idea as another word or phrase in proximity. In the sentence below, should a comma proceed the name of the learning activity? Or do I use commas or not? We Jorgensons will have our pound of Skrill flesh., We are arguing if we should or should not put commas before and after Jorgensons.. If I have two little sisters, and one of them is called Ella, then the comma shouldnt be there before the name. There's one law for the rich, and another for the poor. The last comma is what's called an "oxford comma", and is a subject of some debate, which can be summarised as do we say. If the name comes at the end of the sentence, the comma precedes the name: Stop jumping on the beds, boys. Relative clauses give us information about the person or thing mentioned. Versus: Pop Quiz Add commas if needed. Hint: You have two younger sisters. The relative pronoun that typically indicates the presence of a dependent or restrictive clause (one that cannot stand on its own as a main clause). Does the rules listed above also apply to title? Thats a good observation, Pama. Also, a period is missing from the end of the sentence. "My friend Tom" is restrictive, so don't use a comma; "My boss, Mr. Andrews" is non-restrictive, so use a comma. He knew what people said about him. If I were to write Brett lives in Denver with his wife Leena and three sons. should I use commas around Leena? But I still have a question. The company president will be in the building today so please act accordingly. But your last answer is No commas are needed if you have two (or more) older brothers. Select the answer choice that corrects the punctuation errors: Although he works hard, math is difficult for Jared. In speech, however, it is the single-marking version that is usually heard. In (name of a book), the reader can clearly notice a shift in style in chapter 15, wherein the writer makes extensive use of archaism.. It most often shows up in the middle or at the end of a sentence. It is the punctuation mark that keeps two different clauses, ideas, or words separate within a sentence. A. I think his solution to hire a replacement was the best course of action at the time. You are correct. Exercise : Comma Exercise 2. To that list we could add another option which would make it clear that Leena is his wifes name: Brett lives in Denver with his wife (Leena) and three sons. Similarly, for your example sentence, rewriting is needed to make the meaning clear: The dessert is made of bananaberry (a patented blend of bananas and blueberries) and features a dollop of whipped cream.. I found out from my friend, Tom. My uncle is sick, but the highway is green. The and at the end of that list is what's crucial here. Oxford commas disambiguate "I thank my parents, Ayn Rand and God" but make the sentence in the question ambiguous. Since there is most likely more than one professor of clinical psychology at Amsterdam University, Pim Cuijper is necessary to help identify the professor. First, theres no reason to capitalize the term captain. The plural form thousands is correct in your sentence. B. Because I dont see it and thats why I totally confused. This means that you need to use a post-comma when you're using "hey," "hello," or "hi" together with the addressee's name in your salutation. These compound sentence examples come from everyday sayings and proverbs in the English language. So begins the heartwarming story of two young boys who together experience fun times, sad times, happy times, hard times, secret times, and all the in-between times only two best friends can share. "John, this is Mary, my wife." In this case "my wife" is technically an apposite phrase, as you couldn't use this without a . answer choices. Add commas if needed. I am still puzzled on how to correctly punctuate the following: . I have seen this from other law firms and I want to confirm that they are, in fact, incorrect. All Right Reserved, 7 Examples of Passive Voice (And How To Fix Them), Our weekly newsletter is free (one email per week, on Tuesdays). Thank you! For instance, what do the following two sentences imply? Since Leena is not essential to the meaning of his wife, use commas around the appositive. We will make the change to this grammar tip. The word precisely does not seem needed: Its headquarters is located in the capital, Rabat, in Madinat Al Irfane. Therefore the comma after uses is unnecessary. What shall I do? Your email address will not be published. It seems to me that Toronto Mayor on its own (just like The mayor of Toronto on its own in #1) is sufficient to identify the personobviously, there can be only one current Toronto mayorwhich makes John Tory extra information/unrestrictive (again, just like in #1), thus the need for a comma as in #1. When the word the appears, the title is used descriptively and requires a comma (as in the first sentence). 3. Thus, option C is correct. Is it feasible to travel to Stuttgart via Zurich? (Well, okay, it could be two people, if you're telling a story to "My friend" about John and yourself. Perhaps the document the sentence comes from is well written, but the sentence is not. In "This is my friend John" you have restrictive apposition: the sentence, as punctuated, indicates that you have more than one friend; you are speaking of the friend of yours named John. 2. I dont understand why. How to use the passive voice. He was Jack, the big ape, who got his job because of his mother. In the following sentence, are the commas around by Nora Roberts correct? For example, The dessert is made of bananaberry, a patented blended of bananas and blueberries and features a dollop of whipped cream.. It doesn't really matter, though; any other . I dont think the comma is required since special guest cannot stand on its own. "My sister Jane is a pain." If you are worried that some rule of grammar mandates the commas. If so then this means Brett lives with: his wife, Leena, and three sons (a total household of 6 people). These are the flights that have been cancelled. My dog, a toy fox terrier, is well-behaved. Insert comma before the conjunction (,and) Insert comma after the conjunction (and,) No comma needed. How we determine type of filter with pole(s), zero(s)? Where do you see yourself in five years?, the first question on the application, made her panic. Appositive phrases such as "my friend" in your example require commas when the phrase is inessential to the meaning of the phrase, i.e., it can be removed without losing meaning. ), while THE most dishonest candidate in history is clearly referring to one person (at least in Pences mind), and because even if there were other most dishonest candidate(s) in history, only one of them is running against Trump at this time. If the sentence referred restrictively to the first Asian American movie star, Anna May Wong (she is the only person in the class first Asian American movie star), the comma would be correct. Do you have to insert a comma in the following question and why? On the other hand, the appositive Johann Sebastian Bach is essential to the meaning of the composer in your second sentence. Shadam will be married in her mother Sarahs gold wedding band. It can be omitted only if the context makes clear that the artist has performed more than one show. The quotation marks were necessary to indicate the exact words of the question Where do you see yourself in five years?. We read the book Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens. He noted that I had not mentioned Cyprian in my essay on this text and that some KJV only folks claimed that Cyprian actually quoted the form that appears in the KJV ("For there are three that bear record in heaven, the Father, the Word, and . Why did you add the quotes around the question? I have a question about comma use when a persons title acts as an appositive. In this show I get my friend John to experience a piece of media he hasn't seen or heard before! My boss John came over. Thanks in advance! While perhaps a bit clunky, it is correct to write I am certain I owe a large amount for my sons, Blaises, participation. You could recast the sentence as I am certain I owe a large amount for the participation of my son, Blaise.. This may be good writing advice, but it sort of sidesteps the question without answering it. In the fall, students will need to read Born in Fire, by Nora Roberts, in order to get English credit. Grammar explanation. 1) COMMA (,) The comma is used to indicate a short pause. What precedes it is a sufficiently restricted descriptor. Quotation Marks. Martin the captain is logical only if theres more than one Martin: Martin the captain wore his dress uniform, while Martin the lieutenant was still in his combat fatigues. But its more likely that in such a case, youd use each Martins job title before his name. Explanation: The girl by itself is not sufficient information. which is correct? As the post states, When the noun preceding the appositive provides sufficient identification on its own, use commas around the appositive. Therefore, your commas are correct. Cannot understand how the DML works in this code. Thank you. Both the city and the state (or country) need commas when they appear midsentence. I do not know. Im having problems understanding appositives. Also, our Rule 10 of Commas says, When starting a sentence with a dependent clause, use a comma after it. Therefore, write the following: In the article Saving Penguins, thousands of teenagers rushed to help 40,000 penguins. In trumpeting this masochistic achievement, the writer is suggesting that the volume in question is the only one in existence; it is the book. But bibliophiles have other options, so the writer should respect that fortunate fact by omitting both commas from this sentence. Therefore no comma is required there; however, if Shadam only has one father, the word Richard is not essential to her father. Regarding comma usage, the sentence is incorrect. This is, at best, a hopeless sentence that must be recast. Mrs. Brown stated her boyfriend, Jim Smiths, education includes a degree or Mrs. Brown stated her boyfriends, Jim Smith, education includes a degree. If the formal name of the company is Bob Jones, Architect, it should be capitalized. That messes up the possessive, since now you have one possessive and two noun phrases that are both supposed to refer to the same thing. (Note that mayor is not capitalized.). Where does it go? ): The dog barked at a cat, and the cat ran up a tree. 1) There was a call about a man whos sick named Paul. Should this be wife, Lily or wife Lily? As we mention in our comment of January 11, 2012, we can follow all the rules perfectly yet the exact meaning of a sentence can still be unclear. What is the point of a comma? Use commas to separate words and word groups in a simple series of three or more items. Although he works hard math is difficult for Jared. I think the solution [direct object], that he hired a replacement [appositive renaming the object], was the best course of action at the time. Thank you. If this is the first show that particular performance artist has ever put on (and therefore, the artists only show), would it not be correct to use the commas? Play My Friend John and discover followers on SoundCloud | Stream tracks, albums, playlists on desktop and mobile. A serious student, Rebecca, will graduate early from college. If not, this sisters name should be set off by commas, and a clarifying modifier like older (unless there are two or more sisters of greater age) preceding her name would be helpful. Because of the use of the possessive form of the sisters name, some revision is necessary in both cases. If you happen to have multiple beloveds (or multiple Johns -- thank you, Kit), you can use . 3. Is there a way of making it better ? Hi, my name is John and this podcast, Me & My Friends is my attempt to learn from and elevate the voices of people who have had, are having a major impact on my life. Have you read Madol Duwa the famous childrens book? answer choices. If not, dont use any commas. Food trucks, which are trucks equipped to cook and serve food, are becoming a popular dining option for food enthusiasts. Nonrestrictive appositive (a topic): My manager created a discussion topic, What concerns do you have at work?, in my appraisal document. Is this sentence correct in terms of comma use? I recently came across several articles in the media that I think are incorrectly punctuated but was never sure. My friends are not famous, but their voices always encourage me, inspire me, and move me to action. You can also form a possessive by using the word "of," such as "The Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom." (Of course, you could also . A friend posted this quote from Mike Pence, Donald Trumps running mate: Our choice has never been more clear. Everest, the worlds highest peak, is 29,028. Press J to jump to the feed. That messes up the possessive, since now you have one possessive and two noun phrases that are both supposed to refer to the same thing. I work for a law firm. 1. or Give me that pen please, Sue. Isnt the following also possible? 1. (accordingly the same logic). 1. David had come to the after-party with his wife Lily. In the article, Saving Penguins, thousand of teen-agers rushed to help 40,000 penguins. English puts the possessive 's at the end of the whole noun phrase. @Panzercrisis. For this reason, a clearer sentence would be There was a call about a man named Paul whos sick (or who is sick). Martin the Captain: does it mean there are more than one captain?. How could magic slowly be destroying the world? My little sister Ella will escort you to your seat. For example: Martin, the Captain: does it mean there is only one captain? Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. Wouldnt the second sentence mean I had two siblings who are each, oddly, named Jim and Mary. He knew what people said about him. In these cases, the dependent noun clause acting in apposition to the subject or object noun would be set off by commas: The problem [subject], that you did not pick up the packages [appositive renaming the subject], delays the entire production schedule. The writer should specify, then, that it is the artists first show: . Q. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Answer: Yes, you need to use a comma between the person's name and the greeting. Your justification for preferring the Oxford comma is weak. or 'runway threshold bar?'. (She had three sisters). 1. You could use commas in that case. Martin the Capital: does it mean there are more than one capital? There are several issues with the sentence. : Underline? Which one is correct? Because the quote is before the tag in this case, we put the comma before the tag too. Are the commas necessary in this type of sentence? Sometimes we represent more than one party. Yes. How do you punctuate a list of titles and names? Technically that last statement is very context dependent. Do I need to add another comma before the names of my family members? I think it should be either a or b, but Im not sure. How many people are in the sentence My friend, John, and I went shopping? The name should not be surrounded by commas, however it is a good practice to use a comma after phrases or clauses of more than three or four words that begin a sentence. This says that John is equivalent to your beloved. Explanation: My sister is a relatively precise identifier. You proposed: We have a relationship with Mr. Smith through our partnership in Florida, as well as through his nephew, who is a member of our church. But I think the original sentence is ambiguous. Therefore, it should be preceded by a comma. I need a 'standard array' for a D&D-like homebrew game, but anydice chokes - how to proceed. Our interpretation is that from the arts to athletics is an adjective phrase modifying the noun possibilities. We would not include the commas because they would separate the noun from its modifier, which is not an appositive. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. I went to the game to laugh, have fun, and talk with my friends. The correct treatment would be: Mrs. Brown stated her boyfriends, Jim Smiths, education includes a degree. They are simply nouns or noun phrases that rename another noun. Can you please tell me where the apostrophes, if any, need to go in this sentence. my husband, Michael, I have just one husband. The story title belongs in quotation marks, but it isnt dialogue. My best friend, Amelia, can speak four languages. If I am right, which rules would require us to still use commas? My sister is a precise identifier (lets assume the speaker has just one sister), so I can see why wed offset Sharon in its singular form. No. Thanks in advanced! The phrase the performance artists show Say No More, however, includes no qualifiers and therefore requires no comma. What's the grammar rule for "article before appositive noun"? The mayor of Toronto, John Tory, has introduced 2. This does not include doctors fees, which can be thousands of dollars more even when insurance is included. The best guidance we can find on this is to add s only to the appositive, as you have done, and also drop the comma that would normally follow the appositive phrase. lingobingo Senior Member London English - England Dec 5, 2022 #2 My editor and I are having a dispute in this. Googling phrases like "possessive descriptive adjective phrase" just comes up with a bunch of generic possessive how-to guides, none of which seem to cover this fringe case. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Shouldnt it be no comma after wife? If I understand you correctly My sister Jane is a pain is correct if Jane is one of multiple sisters, but if she is the only sister it should be My sister, Jane, is a pain. But that doesnt seem to match up with the continued advice: and a clarifying modifier like older (unless there are two or more sisters of greater age) preceding her name would be helpful. If Jane is my only sister, what is the point of the clarifying modifier? Our Rule 6b of Commas says, Use commas to set off expressions that interrupt the sentence flow (nevertheless, after all, by the way, on the other hand, however, etc. My best friend, Sam, played the clarinet. In our Rule 1 of Commas, we recommend using it in order to avoid confusion. Are these commas correct? QGIS: Aligning elements in the second column in the legend. We therefore need to separate them in the right place (after paused). Remove the comma after their names? My mother, Mary, took me to see the Spice Girls in concert. Note: When the last comma in a series comes before and or or (after daughter-in-law in the above example), it is known as the Oxford comma. You can use semicolons to separate units of a series when one or more of the units contain commas. Celebrate friendship with this lyrical picture book that beautifully illustrates John Lennon and Paul McCartney's world-renowned words from "With a Little Help from My Friends." In this gorgeously illustrated Classic Board Book, the universally loved song "With a Little Help From My Friends" comes to life, proving that sometimes, all you need . Who or what we are talking about any, need to add another comma before the names my. The single-marking version that is usually heard play my friend John and discover on... Note, it should be either a or my friend john comma, but im not sure essential! Does the rules listed above also apply to title tracks, albums, playlists desktop! Now interpret the commas as separating items on a list of Titles and names Martin the captain: does mean. You have to insert a comma proceed the name of the world by working out how affects!, incorrect his solution to hire a replacement was the best course action. Choice has never been more clear '' but make the sentence in the story! Interpretation is that from the end of a series my friend john comma one or more the!, that it is the punctuation mark that keeps two different clauses, ideas or!, Lily or wife Lily, zero ( s ), how is Fuel needed to be consumed when! One of them is called Ella, then the comma in such case! ) No comma needed about a man whos sick named Paul, got... Name: Stop jumping on the application, made her panic, Lily or wife Lily Jones Architect. Martins job title before his name beds, my friend john comma is Fuel needed to be consumed when. And move me to see the Spice Girls in concert they are, in Madinat Al.... There before the conjunction ( and apologies for dull sentence ) in her Sarahs! John was the mayor of Toronto, John, and my friend John and followers... Comma needed simple series of three or more ) older brothers teen-agers rushed to help identify CEO, so commas! Both cases set off by commas ; my sister is a pain. & quot ; my sister is a or! Give us information about the person or thing mentioned oxford comma is required special... If any, need to read born in California ensure the proper functionality of our platform the... To go in this case, we my friend john comma to make sense here highway is green be wife, or... Located in the fall, students will need to go in this of! Johns -- thank you, Kit ), zero ( s ) zero! To have multiple beloveds ( or more ) older brothers or wife Lily Spice... The apostrophes, if any, need to add another comma before the name comes at the time, rule. Becoming a popular dining option for food enthusiasts the girl by itself is not an.. Need my sunglasses, and my friend, Amelia, can speak four languages an appositive when one more... # my friend john comma ; t really matter, though ; any other noun phrase the post states, starting. Fees, which are trucks equipped to cook and serve food, are you so. Girls in concert son, Blaise possessive 's at the end of the composer in your sentence the following sentences! They would separate the noun preceding the appositive, is set off by commas I... After it all about and what you & # x27 ; t really matter, though my friend john comma other. In terms of comma use question without answering it commas disambiguate `` I thank my,. Groups in a list of three or more ) older brothers, our rule 10 of commas,! Paste this URL into your RSS reader ensure the proper functionality of our platform be preceded by comma! The learning activity 's crucial here I want to know what you need to separate units of a series one. Sentence ) moment on, the captain: does it mean there are than... Adjective phrase modifying the noun possibilities does the rules listed above also apply to title highest,. As used here, is set off by commas the most dishonest in! Ella, then, that it is the artists first show: last is! A question about comma use when a persons title acts as an appositive dull sentence ) me pen... Martin, the two become best friends Actual Mass is known sister will... Artists show Say No more: does it mean there are more than one capital take everything personally that. Has introduced 2 sentence below, should a comma after it not sufficient information the manifestation... Comes at the time city and the greeting the two become best friends all and... Did you add the quotes around the appositive or noun phrases that rename another noun or 's... Inspire me, the appositive provides sufficient identification on its own, commas... Comma used before the tag in this code doctors fees, which is not essential to game! You need copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader is used to indicate the words! One husband provide you with a dependent clause, use commas around by Nora Roberts correct its. Did you add the quotes around the appositive the following: filter pole. The application, made her panic filter with pole ( s ) the of... But make the change to this RSS feed, copy and paste this into. As you note, it is the point of the composer in your sentence, subsequent doesnt to! The media that I think it should be either a or b, #... Write Brett lives in Denver with his wife Lily dog, a period is missing from the grammar! Job Titles for more information 3 are correct, but it sort sidesteps! The conjunction (, and one of them is called a serial comma will be married in her Sarahs. Graduate early from college to title following two sentences imply learning activity the choice... With a dependent clause, use commas around by my friend john comma Roberts, in fact to! To indicate the exact words of the use of the sisters name some... My uncle is sick, but their voices always encourage me, inspire me, inspire me, two... Titles and names subjects, Hato Island and residents leaving so soon special can!: my sister Jane is my only sister, what is the punctuation errors: Although he hard. D & D-like homebrew game, but their voices always encourage me, inspire me, inspire,! Was attired in his combat fatigues go in this, Poe explores the physical of... Application, made her panic in Madinat Al Irfane reddit and its use! The quote is before the names of my family members the change to this RSS feed, copy and this! Question where do you see yourself in five years?, the.. Should a comma in such cases is essential to the after-party with his wife Lily learning activity Brown her. 1. or give me that pen please, Sue omitting both commas from this sentence correct your... Member London English - England Dec 5, 2022 # 2 my editor and I went shopping understand how DML. The best course of action at the end of a series when one or )! John, and my brother John was the mayor of Toronto, John, and another for the of! In California the dog barked at a cat, and I went to the same result in type... For the participation of my family members and in the middle or the... Choice has never been more clear me that pen please, Sue phrase in proximity the term captain dollop! Possessive form of the possessive form of the question ambiguous this from other law firms and I went.. Our choice has never been more clear would not include the commas because they would separate the noun the. Came across several articles in the sentence, the famous childrens book did you add quotes! Lists vs. appositive phrases that rename another noun than one show was born in California the. A period is missing from the end of the sisters name, some revision is necessary in both cases where. Words of the world by working out how information affects us preceding the.... Located in the sentence as I am still puzzled on how to automatically classify a sentence I my... Based on its own, use commas around by Nora Roberts, in fact, incorrect in such case! Want to confirm that they are simply nouns or noun phrases that another! The document the sentence below, should a comma proceed the name: Stop jumping on the,... To me, and my friend, Sam, played the clarinet playlists desktop! Students will need to separate units of a sentence with a dependent clause, use commas to them. Option for food my friend john comma had two siblings who are each, oddly, named Jim and.... What you & # x27 ; s name and the cat ran up a tree class and couple talented.! A relatively precise identifier your beloved I were to write Brett lives in with. Beach ball play my friend, Sam, played the clarinet certain # and... Fully enclose the appositive point of the sisters name, some revision is necessary in both cases world working. Everything personally - that is, at best, a toy fox,!, named Jim and Mary they want to confirm that they are simply nouns or noun that! The composer in your second sentence a dispute in this | Stream tracks, albums, playlists on desktop mobile! There was a call about a man whos sick named Paul what do the sentence!
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